SECTION ONE:
METHODOLOGY AND PROCESS
OF THE REVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
THE STRUCTURE OF THE REVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
METHODOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
THE STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT . . . . . . . . . . . .24
LIMITATIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
SECTION TWO:
SUMMARY STATEMENT OF FACTS . . . . . . . . . . .30
THE SEPTEMBER 12, 1994
PLANE CRASH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
THE OCTOBER 29, 1994
SHOOTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
SECTION THREE:
RECOMMENDATIONS (UNCLASSIFIED) . . . . . . .41
POTENTIAL CHANGES TO
CIVIL AIR TRAFFIC RULES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
LAW ENFORCEMENT JURISDICTION . . . . . . . . ..42
CREATION OF A FORENSlC
TASK FORCE FOR THE
WHITE
HOUSE COMPLEX. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
COMMAND AND CONTROL
DURING MAJOR INCIDENTS
AT THE WHITE HOUSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..44
ONGOING COORDINATION WITH
THE DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY . . . . . . . .44
REROUTING VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
AROUND THE WHITE HOUSE COMPLEX AND
CONVERTING PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE TO
A PEDESTRIAN MALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
NOTE CONCERNING THE
RECOMMENDATION TO CONVERT
PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE TO
A PEDESTRIAN MALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
SECTION FOUR:
THE EVOLUTION OF
PRESIDENTIAL SECURITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..51
CREATION OF THE
WHITE HOUSE COMPLEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
THE TRADITION OF
PUBLIC ACCESS TO
THE EXECUTIVE MANSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
THE EVOLUTION OF
SECURITY FEATURES AT
THE WHITE HOUSE COMPLEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
PROTECTION OF THE
WHITE HOUSE COMPLEX
AND
THE PRESIDENT
IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
THE EVOLUTION OF THE
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE FUNCTION . . . . . . . . . 70
PROTECTION OF THE
WHITE HOUSE COMPLEX
IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
HISTORY OF GROUND AND
AIR ASSAULTS ON
THE WHITE HOUSE COMPLEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101